Docker 入门教程 Docker 安装 Apache

2024-02-25 开发教程 Docker 入门教程匿名 4℃

方法一、通过 Dockerfile构建

创建Dockerfile

首先，创建目录apache,用于存放后面的相关东西。

w3cschool@w3cschool:~$ mkdir -p  ~/apache/www ~/apache/logs ~/apache/conf

www目录将映射为apache容器配置的应用程序目录

logs目录将映射为apache容器的日志目录

conf目录里的配置文件将映射为apache容器的配置文件

进入创建的apache目录，创建Dockerfile

FROM debian:jessie
# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
#RUN groupadd -r www-data && useradd -r --create-home -g www-data www-data
ENV HTTPD_PREFIX /usr/local/apache2
ENV PATH $PATH:$HTTPD_PREFIX/bin
RUN mkdir -p "$HTTPD_PREFIX" \
	&& chown www-data:www-data "$HTTPD_PREFIX"
WORKDIR $HTTPD_PREFIX
# install httpd runtime dependencies
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html#requirements
RUN apt-get update \
	&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
		libapr1 \
		libaprutil1 \
		libaprutil1-ldap \
		libapr1-dev \
		libaprutil1-dev \
		libpcre++0 \
		libssl1.0.0 \
	&& rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/*
ENV HTTPD_VERSION 2.4.20
ENV HTTPD_BZ2_URL https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-$HTTPD_VERSION.tar.bz2
RUN buildDeps=' \
		ca-certificates \
		curl \
		bzip2 \
		gcc \
		libpcre++-dev \
		libssl-dev \
		make \
	' \
	set -x \
	&& apt-get update \
	&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $buildDeps \
	&& rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
	\
	&& curl -fSL "$HTTPD_BZ2_URL" -o httpd.tar.bz2 \
	&& curl -fSL "$HTTPD_BZ2_URL.asc" -o httpd.tar.bz2.asc \
# see https://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#verify
	&& export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
	&& gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A93D62ECC3C8EA12DB220EC934EA76E6791485A8 \
	&& gpg --batch --verify httpd.tar.bz2.asc httpd.tar.bz2 \
	&& rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" httpd.tar.bz2.asc \
	\
	&& mkdir -p src \
	&& tar -xvf httpd.tar.bz2 -C src --strip-components=1 \
	&& rm httpd.tar.bz2 \
	&& cd src \
	\
	&& ./configure \
		--prefix="$HTTPD_PREFIX" \
		--enable-mods-shared=reallyall \
	&& make -j"$(nproc)" \
	&& make install \
	\
	&& cd .. \
	&& rm -r src \
	\
	&& sed -ri \
		-e 's!^(\s*CustomLog)\s+\S+!\1 /proc/self/fd/1!g' \
		-e 's!^(\s*ErrorLog)\s+\S+!\1 /proc/self/fd/2!g' \
		"$HTTPD_PREFIX/conf/httpd.conf" \
	\
	&& apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $buildDeps
COPY httpd-foreground /usr/local/bin/
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["httpd-foreground"]

Dockerfile文件中 COPY httpd-foreground /usr/local/bin/ 是将当前目录下的httpd-foreground拷贝到镜像里，作为httpd服务的启动脚本，所以我们要在本地创建一个脚本文件httpd-foreground

#!/bin/bash
set -e
# Apache gets grumpy about PID files pre-existing
rm -f /usr/local/apache2/logs/httpd.pid
exec httpd -DFOREGROUND

赋予httpd-foreground文件可执行权限

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ chmod +x httpd-foreground

通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker build -t httpd .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker images httpd
REPOSITORY     TAG        IMAGE ID        CREATED           SIZE
httpd          latest     da1536b4ef14    23 seconds ago    195.1 MB

方法二、docker pull httpd

查找Docker Hub上的httpd镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker search httpd
NAME                           DESCRIPTION                  STARS  OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
httpd                          The Apache HTTP Server ..    524     [OK]
centos/httpd                                                7                [OK]
rgielen/httpd-image-php5       Docker image for Apache...   1                [OK]
microwebapps/httpd-frontend    Httpd frontend allowing...   1                [OK]
lolhens/httpd                  Apache httpd 2 Server        1                [OK]
publici/httpd                  httpd:latest                 0                [OK]
publicisworldwide/httpd        The Apache httpd webser...   0                [OK]
rgielen/httpd-image-simple     Docker image for simple...   0                [OK]
solsson/httpd                  Derivatives of the offi...   0                [OK]
rgielen/httpd-image-drush      Apache HTTPD + Drupal S...   0                [OK]
learninglayers/httpd                                        0                [OK]
sohrabkhan/httpd               Docker httpd + php5.6 (...   0                [OK]
aintohvri/docker-httpd         Apache HTTPD Docker ext...   0                [OK]
alizarion/httpd                httpd on centos with mo...   0                [OK]
...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker pull httpd

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为httpd的镜像。

使用apache镜像

运行容器

docker run -p 80:80 -v $PWD/www/:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ -v $PWD/conf/httpd.conf:/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf -v $PWD/logs/:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ -d httpd

命令说明：

-p 80:80 :将容器的80端口映射到主机的80端口

-v $PWD/www/:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ :将主机中当前目录下的www目录挂载到容器的/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/

-v $PWD/conf/httpd.conf:/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf :将主机中当前目录下的conf/httpd.conf文件挂载到容器的/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

-v $PWD/logs/:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ :将主机中当前目录下的logs目录挂载到容器的/usr/local/apache2/logs/

查看容器启动情况

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/apache$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE   COMMAND             ... PORTS               NAMES
79a97f2aac37  httpd   "httpd-foreground"  ... 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp  sharp_swanson

通过浏览器访问

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