Docker 入门教程 Docker 安装 Nginx

方法一、通过 Dockerfile构建

创建Dockerfile

首先，创建目录nginx,用于存放后面的相关东西。

w3cschool@w3cschool:~$ mkdir -p ~/nginx/www ~/nginx/logs ~/nginx/conf

www目录将映射为nginx容器配置的虚拟目录

logs目录将映射为nginx容器的日志目录

conf目录里的配置文件将映射为nginx容器的配置文件

进入创建的nginx目录，创建Dockerfile

FROM debian:jessie
MAINTAINER NGINX Docker Maintainers "docker-maint@nginx.com"
ENV NGINX_VERSION 1.10.1-1~jessie
RUN apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu:80 --recv-keys 573BFD6B3D8FBC641079A6ABABF5BD827BD9BF62 \
        && echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ jessie nginx" >> /etc/apt/sources.list \
        && apt-get update \
        && apt-get install --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests -y \
                                                ca-certificates \
                                                nginx=${NGINX_VERSION} \
                                                nginx-module-xslt \
                                                nginx-module-geoip \
                                                nginx-module-image-filter \
                                                nginx-module-perl \
                                                nginx-module-njs \
                                                gettext-base \
        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# forward request and error logs to docker log collector
RUN ln -sf /dev/stdout /var/log/nginx/access.log \
        && ln -sf /dev/stderr /var/log/nginx/error.log
EXPOSE 80 443
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字

docker build -t nginx .

创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker images nginx
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               latest              555bbd91e13c        3 days ago          182.8 MB

方法二、docker pull nginx

查找Docker Hub上的nginx镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker search nginx
NAME                      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                     Official build of Nginx.                        3260      [OK]
jwilder/nginx-proxy       Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker c...   674                  [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm   Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable ...   207                  [OK]
million12/nginx-php       Nginx + PHP-FPM 5.5, 5.6, 7.0 (NG), CentOS...   67                   [OK]
maxexcloo/nginx-php       Docker framework container with Nginx and ...   57                   [OK]
webdevops/php-nginx       Nginx with PHP-FPM                              39                   [OK]
h3nrik/nginx-ldap         NGINX web server with LDAP/AD, SSL and pro...   27                   [OK]
bitnami/nginx             Bitnami nginx Docker Image                      19                   [OK]
maxexcloo/nginx           Docker framework container with Nginx inst...   7                    [OK]
...

这里我们拉取官方的镜像

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker pull nginx

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为nginx的镜像。

使用nginx镜像

运行容器

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker run -p 80:80 --name mynginx -v $PWD/www:/www -v $PWD/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v $PWD/logs:/wwwlogs  -d nginx  
45c89fab0bf9ad643bc7ab571f3ccd65379b844498f54a7c8a4e7ca1dc3a2c1e
w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$

命令说明：

• -p 80:80：将容器的80端口映射到主机的80端口

• --name mynginx：将容器命名为mynginx

• -v $PWD/www:/www：将主机中当前目录下的www挂载到容器的/www

• -v $PWD/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf：将主机中当前目录下的nginx.conf挂载到容器的/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

• -v $PWD/logs:/wwwlogs：将主机中当前目录下的logs挂载到容器的/wwwlogs

查看容器启动情况

w3cschool@w3cschool:~/nginx$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE        COMMAND                      PORTS                         NAMES
45c89fab0bf9        nginx        "nginx -g 'daemon off"  ...  0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp   mynginx
f2fa96138d71        tomcat       "catalina.sh run"       ...  0.0.0.0:81->8080/tcp          tomcat

通过浏览器访问