云数据库OceanBase入门教程 OceanBase WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT

2024-02-26 开发教程 云数据库OceanBase入门教程 匿名 1

WM_CONCAT函数用于列转行,将度量列的值进行合并。作为单个集合的聚合函数,WM_CONCAT对所有行进行操作并返回单个输出行。作为组集聚合,WM_CONCAT将对 GROUP BY子句定义的每个组进行操作并返回输出行。作为分析函数,WM_CONCAT基于 query_partition_clause中的一个或多个表达式将查询结果集分为几组。

语法

WM_CONCAT ([DISTINCT] measure_expr) [OVER query_partition_clause]

作为分析函数使用时,您需要使用窗口函数的完整语法,它对一组行的集合进行计算并返回多个值。作为聚合函数使用时,该函数对一组行的集合进行聚合计算,结果只能返回一个值,此时不需要加 OVER关键字。

参数

参数

说明

OVER

使用 OVER子句定义窗口进行计算。

measure_expr

可以是任何表达式。度量列中的空值将被忽略。

DISTINCT

如果指定 DISTINCT,会在返回结果中删除重复值。

返回类型

返回的数据类型为 CLOB

示例

分析函数示例

建表 employees,并向里面插入数据,执行以下语句:

CREATE TABLE employees (department_id INT,manager_id INT,last_name varchar(50),hiredate varchar(50),SALARY INT);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Raphaely', '2017-07-01', 1700);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'De Haan', '2018-05-01',11000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(40, 100, 'Errazuriz', '2017-07-21', 1400);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(50, 100, 'Hartstein', '2019-05-01',14000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(50, 100, 'Raphaely', '2017-07-22', 1700);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(70, 100, 'Weiss', '2019-07-11',13500);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(90, 100, 'Russell', '2019-10-05', 13000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(90,100, 'Partners', '2018-12-01',14000);

查询 2019 年 10 月 10 日之前雇用的雇员,以及该雇员的部门,雇用日期以及该部门中的其他雇员。执行以下语句:

SELECT department_id "Dept", hiredate "Date", last_name "Name",wmsys.wm_concat(last_name)
OVER (PARTITION BY department_id) as "Emp_list"
FROM employees WHERE hiredate < '2019-10-10' ORDER BY "Dept", "Date", "Name";

查询结果如下:

+------+------------+-----------+--------------------+
| Dept | Date | Name | Emp_list |
+------+------------+-----------+--------------------+
| 30 | 2017-07-01 | Raphaely | Raphaely,De Haan |
| 30 | 2018-05-01 | De Haan | Raphaely,De Haan |
| 40 | 2017-07-21 | Errazuriz | Errazuriz |
| 50 | 2017-07-22 | Raphaely | Hartstein,Raphaely |
| 50 | 2019-05-01 | Hartstein | Hartstein,Raphaely |
| 70 | 2019-07-11 | Weiss | Weiss |
| 90 | 2018-12-01 | Partners | Russell,Partners |
| 90 | 2019-10-05 | Russell | Russell,Partners |
+------+------------+-----------+--------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

聚合函数示例

建表 employees,并向里面插入数据,执行以下语句:

CREATE TABLE employees (department_id INT,manager_id INT,last_name varchar(50),hiredate varchar(50),SALARY INT);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Raphaely', '2017-07-01', 1700);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'De Haan', '2018-05-01',11000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Errazuriz', '2017-07-01', 1400);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Hartstein', '2019-05-01',14000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Raphaely', '2017-07-01', 1700);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Weiss', '2019-07-01',13500);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30, 100, 'Russell', '2019-07-01', 13000);
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(30,100, 'Partners', '2018-12-01',14000);

查询第 30 部门的所有员工,并查找最早的雇用日期。执行以下语句:

SELECT wmsys.wm_concat(last_name) as "Emp_list", MIN(hiredate) as "Earliest"
FROM employees WHERE department_id = 30;

查询结果如下:

+----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+
| Emp_list | Earliest |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+
| Raphaely,De Haan,Errazuriz,Hartstein,Raphaely,Weiss,Russell,Partners | 2017-07-01 |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)