Bootstrap4 入门教程 Bootstrap4 表单控件

2024-02-25 开发教程 Bootstrap4 入门教程匿名 53℃

Bootstrap4 支持以下表单控件：input、textarea、checkbox、radio以及select，使用这些类可以优化自定义显示，以实现一个更一致的跨浏览器跨设备渲染。

Bootstrap Input

Bootstrap 支持所有的 HTML5 输入类型: text, password, datetime, datetime-local, date, month, time, week, number, email, url, search, tel, 以及 color。

注意：: 如果 input 的 type 属性未正确声明，输入框的样式将不会显示。

以下实例使用两个 input 元素，一个是 text，一个是 password ：

实例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap4 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank" >
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/popper.js/1.12.5/umd/popper.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
  <h2>表单控件: input</h2>
  <p>以下实例使用两个 input 元素，一个是 text，一个是 password ：</p>
  <form>
    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="usr">用户名:</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="usr">
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="pwd">密码:</label>
      <input type="password" class="form-control" id="pwd">
    </div>
  </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Bootstrap textarea

以下实例演示了 textarea 的样式。

实例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap4 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank" >
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/popper.js/1.12.5/umd/popper.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
  <h2>表单控件: textarea</h2>
  <p>以下实例演示了 textarea 的样式。</p>
  <form>
    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="comment">评论:</label>
      <textarea class="form-control" rows="5" id="comment"></textarea>
    </div>
  </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Bootstrap 复选框(checkbox)

复选框用于让用户从一系列预设置的选项中进行选择，可以选一个或多个。

以下实例包含了三个选项。最后一个是禁用的：

实例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap4 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank" >
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/popper.js/1.12.5/umd/popper.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
  <h2>表单控件: checkbox</h2>
  <p>以下实例包含了三个选项。最后一个是禁用的：</p>
  <form>
    <div class="form-check">
      <label class="form-check-label">
        <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" value="">Option 1
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="form-check">
      <label class="form-check-label">
        <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" value="">Option 2
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="form-check disabled">
      <label class="form-check-label">
        <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" value="" disabled>Option 3
      </label>
    </div>
  </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

使用 .form-check-inline 类可以让选项显示在同一行上：

实例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap4 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank" >
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/popper.js/1.12.5/umd/popper.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
  <h2>表单控件: checkbox</h2>
  <p>以下实例包含了三个选项。最后一个是禁用的，使用 .form-check-inline 类可以让选项显示在同一行上：</p>
  <form>
    <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
      <label class="form-check-label">
        <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" value="">Option 1
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
      <label class="form-check-label">
        <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" value="">Option 2
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="form-check form-check-inline disabled">
      <label class="form-check-label">
        <input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" value="" disabled>Option 3
      </label>
    </div>
  </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Bootstrap 单选框(Radio)

复选框用于让用户从一系列预设置的选项中进行选择，只能选一个。

以下实例包含了三个选项。最后一个是禁用的：

实例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap4 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank" >
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/popper.js/1.12.5/umd/popper.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
  <h2>表单控件: radio</h2>
  <p>以下实例包含了三个选项。最后一个是禁用的：</p>
  <form>
    <div class="radio">
      <label><input type="radio" name="optradio">Option 1</label>
    </div>
    <div class="radio">
      <label><input type="radio" name="optradio">Option 2</label>
    </div>
    <div class="radio disabled">
      <label><input type="radio" name="optradio" disabled>Option 3</label>
    </div>
  </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Bootstrap select 下拉菜单

当您想让用户从多个选项中进行选择，但是默认情况下只能选择一个选项时，则使用选择框。

以下实例包含了两个下拉菜单：

实例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap4 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank" >
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/popper.js/1.12.5/umd/popper.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
  <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/4.1.0/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
  <h2>表单控件: select</h2>
  <p>以下表单包含了两个下拉菜单 (select 列表):</p>
  <form>
    <div class="form-group">
      <label for="sel1">单选下拉菜单:</label>
      <select class="form-control" id="sel1">
        <option>1</option>
        <option>2</option>
        <option>3</option>
        <option>4</option>
      </select>
      <br>
      <label for="sel2">多选下拉菜单(按住 shift 键，可以选取多个选项):</label>
      <select multiple class="form-control" id="sel2">
        <option>1</option>
        <option>2</option>
        <option>3</option>
        <option>4</option>
        <option>5</option>
      </select>
    </div>
  </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

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